​What causes dark circles?

Dark circles/ periorbital melanosis is a common condition and an ill defined entity. It appears as brownish-black pigmentation around the eyelids. It not only gives a tired look to the patient but also gives a negative impact on their quality of life. 

The causes of dark circles includes:

1. Genetic factors
   
2. Pigment deposition
   
3. Post inflammatory pigmentation
   
4. Aging
   
5. Tear troughs
   
6. Extension of pigmentory demarcation lines
   
7. Certain medications
   
8. Ultraviolet radiation
   
9. Lack of sleep
   
10. Stress
    
11. Alcohol overuse
    
12. Smoking, etc. 

Wide range of topical creams and serums, chemical peeling, LASER treatment, fillers, PRP, are available as treatment options depending on the cause of the dark circles. 

Additionally your dermatologist may suggest sun protection and lifestyle modifications such as adequate sleep, hydration, and diet to achieve an optimal result.